For example, mutations in TAZ, the vertebrate paralog of YAP, cause polycystic kidneys [46,47] and cystic kidneys also have altered Hippo signalling [48], while mutations in the core kinase cassette of the Hippo pathway in adults can cause tissue overgrowths in specific instances of homeostasis or regeneration [49]. The gene discussed is YAP1; the disease is polycystic kidney disease.