NPRL2 and lung carcinoma: Interestingly, mutations in genes encoding GATOR1 components such as DEPDC5 and Nprl2 have been found in several cancer cells such as astrocyte tumors with chromosome 22 rearrangements, lung cancers with homozygous deletion on chromosome region 3p21.3, and NPRL2/G1 homozygous deletion in renal, lung and cervical cell lines [64,65,66].