A deficit in vitamin D-VDR axis signaling may represent an aggravating factor for these diseases, because VDR expression is low or absent from hepatocytes and the association between vitamin D-VDR axis and pathophysiology may be the result of an alteration in signals from nonparenchymal liver cells or hepatic cells, especially where NAFLD is concerned [19]. The gene discussed is VDR; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.