BAG3 and dilated cardiomyopathy: Moreover, other mutations of the bag3 gene, for instance Arg218Trp, Leu462Pro, a 10-nucleotide mutation in exon 4 or a deletion of exon 4 of bag3, were reported to be causative of (familial) dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) (Arimura et al., 2011; Norton et al., 2011; Villard et al., 2011; Chami et al., 2014; Feldman et al., 2014; Franaszczyk et al., 2014; Toro et al., 2016).