IRAK1 and serum lipopolysaccharide activity: Previous work from other groups have also shown that IRAK1 inhibitors such as 2-hydroxy-5,6-dihydroisoindolo[1,2-a]isoquinoline-3,8-dione, mangiferin, and corosolic acid and the mixture of the rhizomes of Anemarrhena asphodeloides and Coptidis chinensis exhibit anti-inflammatory activities when applied to in vivo endotoxemia and colitis animal models [25, 32, 40, 41].