Further experiments confirmed that compared to ND-fed mice, urethane induced lung inflammation was also attenuated by HCD feeding, as the influx of inflammatory cells into the BALF was reduced, tumor-promoting cyto-/chemokine profile in BALF was down-regulated and TLR2/4 expression and NF-κB activation was also decreased. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and neoplasm.