NOX4 and Hyperglycemia: The increase in the expression of NOX-4 expression is associated with a decrease in the expression of miR-25, a known regulator of NOX-4, (47, 48), in smooth muscle of ob/ob mice and smooth muscle of WT mice treated with HG (Fig 5E and 5F), suggesting that NOX-4 expression is negatively regulated by miR-25 and hyperglycemia-induced decrease in miR-25 expression caused an increase in NOX-4 expression.