In aged rat brain, it was shown that upregulation of phagocytosis-specific proteins, such as annexin A1 and A3, are induced in the infarct area after stroke or ischemia, indicating that the phagocytotic activity by not microglia but polymorphonuclear cells is activated primarily after stroke or ischemia in aged rat brain [59,60]. Here, ANXA1 is linked to ischemia.