TLR9 and infection: To date, various investigations have reported the involvement of TLRs during infections, such as Sporothrix schenckii (TLR2), Staphylococcus aureus (TLR2), Salmonella enterica (TLR1/TLR2 complex, TLR9), Vibrio cholerae cytolysin (TLR2/TLR6 complex, TLR9) (Totemeyer et al., 2005; de C Negrini et al., 2014; Khilwani et al., 2015; Nandi and Bishayi, 2015).