Since its discovery, nearly 2 decades of research has delineated beneficial roles for Nrf2 mediated transcriptional programs in various oxidative stress-related disease models, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), neurodegeneration, inflammation, carcinogenesis, and pathogenesis associated with environmental toxicant exposure [2–6]. The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.