Moreover, miR-223, a novel regulator of inflammation that inhibits proinflammatory pathways and enhances anti-inflammatory responses, was dysregulated in AAAs (Kin et al., 2012) and negatively correlated with MCP-1, TNF-α, and TGF-β expression in diseased aortic tissues(Kanematsu et al., 2011; Lee et al., 2013). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is achalasia-alacrima syndrome.