Subgroup analyses (Fig. 5) suggested that SGLT2 inhibition was associated with a significant urine ACR reduction in the participants with CKD (WMD −107.35 mg/g, (95% CI [−192.53 to −22.18]), I2 = 35.7%, 5 studies with 1,063 participants). Here, SLC5A2 is linked to chronic kidney disease.