Inflammasomes assembly regulating inflammatory state in the prostate has been shown in rat models where chronic prostatitis induced by intra-prostatic injection of carrageenan or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) inflammation by formalin leads to NLRP1 activation and its downstream signaling IL-1β and IL-18 cytokines22, 23. The gene discussed is IL18; the disease is chronic prostatitis.