In a phase III trial (ANBL0032) of high-risk neuroblastoma patients, conducted by the Children’s Oncology Group (COG) (1), patients who inherited the KIR3DL1 gene and the gene for its HLA-Bw4 ligand (KIR3DL1+/Bw4+ genotype) and were treated with an immunotherapy regimen [dinutuximab (anti-GD2), IL-2, GM-CSF, and isotretinoin] had improved event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival as compared to those treated with isotretinoin alone (20, 21). The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is neuroblastoma.