TGFB1 and cancer: Treatment with TQ showed significant attenuation of tumorigenic signaling, including those mediated by TGF-β, VEGF, FGF, EGF, and several other pro-mitogenic, angiogenic, and metastatic factors, with a consequent dose-dependent inhibition of cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion (Yi et al., 2008; Ahmad et al., 2013; Khan et al., 2015; Rajput et al., 2015).