PAPPA and gestational diabetes: Analyzing the distribution of HLA-G and PAPP-A genotypes in GDM and healthy mothers and the corresponding children, we found that HLA-G 14 bp del/del genotype was slightly more frequent in GDM mothers (OR = 1.7) and babies born to GDM mothers (OR = 2.1) than in controls (healthy mothers and babies born to healthy mothers).