Next, to directly test the utility of Rb and LMWE (cytoplasmic cyclin E) protein as prognostic biomarkers in metastatic breast cancer, we utilized a cohort of 109 patients with advanced ER+ breast cancer who were/are currently being treated with the combination of palbociclib and letrozole or fulvestrant at MD Anderson Cancer Center (Supplementary Fig. 20a). Here, CCNE1 is linked to breast carcinoma.