More specifically, both Uch-L1 and RAN were reported to be downregulated in AD (Poon et al., 2013; Choi et al., 2004; Mastroeni et al., 2013), and overexpression Uch-L1 was observed to restore synaptic function in hippocampal slices treated with oAβ (Gong et al., 2006). Here, RAN is linked to Alzheimer disease.