To overcome tumor-mediated inhibition of CAR T cells, they developed and evaluated T cell extrinsic (PD-1 blocking antibody) and intrinsic (co-transduction of CAR T cells with a PD-1 dominant negative receptor (DNR) or PD-1/4-1BB fusion protein) strategies to overcome PD-L1/2 inhibition. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is neoplasm.