IL1B and colitis: In a murine model of DSS-induced colitis, Andújar and associates (138) reported that administration of cocoa polyphenols mitigated symptomatology accompanied by reduction of neutrophil infiltration, NO generation, expression of COX-2 and STAT-1 and STAT-3 (138) as well reduction of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α from peritoneal macrophages (138).