TP53 and liver cancer: To demonstrate whether PANDA was induced by p53-mediated DNA damage in HCC, we treated two liver cancer cell lines HCC-LM3 and Huh7 with doxorubicin (DOX) at 100 nM and 500 nM for 24 hours, and found that PANDA expression was elevated and had a dose-dependent relation(Fig. 1c).