There was a significant difference between patients with schizophrenia and healthy control participants in the expression (mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) as measured by flow cytometry) of TLRs and ErbB4: we observed an increased expression of TLR4 (F(1,82) = 30.21, p < 0.001; η2 = 0.27) and TLR5 (F(1,82) = 11.27, p < 0.005; η2 = 0.12) in patents with schizophrenia relative to the control subjects, whereas in the case of ErbB4, the opposite effect was found (decreased expression in schizophrenia compared to the controls) (F(1,82) = 31.30, p < 0.001; η2 = 0.28). The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is schizophrenia.