Conversely, we found significantly decreased intra-adipose expression of SRD5A1 in PCOS women (mean Δct, 16.1 ± 0.4 in PCOS vs 14.3 ± 0.4 in controls, P = 0.005) [Fig. 1(i)], indicating that AKR1C3 is the major driver of intra-adipose AE in PCOS. Here, AKR1C3 is linked to polycystic ovary syndrome.