For instance, nanomolar CAPS concentrations suffice to evoke Ca2+ responses in cell lines ectopically expressing TRPV1 [29,30], 0.5–1 μM CAPS is required to evoke Ca2+ responses in TRPV1+ sensory neurons [31], but 10–50 μM CAPS are required to evoke Ca2+ responses in cancer cells [13,32]; the latter endogenously expressing much lower levels of TRPV1 than TRPV1+ neurons [13]. This evidence concerns the gene TRPV1 and cancer.