Here we have evaluated IgG, IgM and IgA ELISAs using purified S. Typhi LPS and HlyE using culture-confirmed pediatric bacteremias, including typhoid, iNTS disease, and ‘other’ febrile diseases, as well as healthy Nigerian children, and healthy adults from the U.S. We find LPS-specific IgA and IgA+M ELISA, in particular, are sensitive in diagnosing acute typhoid in these children, and descriminate well between typhoid and healthy, and other febrile bacteremias commonly encountered in Nigeria. Here, CD40LG is linked to bacterial infectious disease with sepsis.