In previously treated non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with unknown EGFR mutations status, erlotinib use was shown to significantly improve their overall survival (OS) compared with a placebo (median OS: 6.7 vs. 4.7 months; hazard ratio, HR: 0.70 [0.58–0.85]) 6. This evidence concerns the gene EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma.