CCN1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome: Additionally, the expression of CCN1 was significantly upregulated in ALI/ARDS (Wallace et al. 2009), and CCN1 overexpression was sufficient to exacerbate lung injury and cause neutrophilic alveolitis and obstructive bronchiolitis in mice (Grazioli et al. 2015; Raissadati et al. 2015).