In CML, long-term remissions can readily be obtained by the treatment with low-dose IFN-a and DLI, in AML, long-term remissions may be obtained by a more aggressive approach involving mobilized stem cells and GM-CSF following cytarabine or repeated treatments with targeted drugs like azacytidine, sorfenib, midostaurin, immune-modulatory/blastmodulatory Kits, and DLI. The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.