It could be shown that DCleu could be successfully generated from blood samples in every AML patient using methods of DC generation containing different mixtures of immune-modulatory factors, GM-CSF, IL-4, TNF-α, FLT3-L, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2, bacterial lysate of streptococcus pyogenes (PICIBANIL), or calcium ionophore. Here, CSF2 is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.