TGFB1 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Herein, we report that treatment with antagomir-455-3p chemosensitized esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells and reduced the CD90+ and CD271+ T-IC subpopulations via the inhibition of multiple stemness-associated pathways, including Wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β signaling.