Activating mutations in these MAPK‐related genes were found in many cancer types, such as breast cancer, melanoma, mesothelioma, and non‐small‐cell lung cancer, to drive the aberrant activation of ERK1/2 signaling (Davies et al., 2002; Giltnane and Balko, 2014; Ji et al., 2007; Kempf et al., 2016; Millington, 2013). This evidence concerns the gene MAPK3 and cancer.