On the other hand, TGF-β released from GSCs actively suppresses M1 macrophages, inhibits phagocytosis, and induces polarization of microglial and macrophages into the immunosuppressive M2 phenotype and thus enhances the capacity of TAMs to inhibit T cell proliferation, thereby promoting tumor progression [164, 168]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.