IL2 and infection: Concentrations of IFN-γ, although positively correlated with other Th1 promoting cytokines in our study, were more closely associated with concentrations of IL-12p70 and IL-2 in HA patients, and these three cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-12p70, and IL-2) were significantly higher in patients in the very acute stage of infections (S1 and S2 Tables), consistent with their known importance in early inflammatory responses.