O'Leary described the role of TLR-4-dependent NOX1 activity in accelerating adherence of lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated colon cancer cells (SW480, SW620, and CT-26 cell lines) and proposed a mechanism in which TLR-4-mediated activation of NF-κB leads to increased activation of NOX and in consequence to a higher level of ROS and phosphorylation of Akt [86]. Here, TLR4 is linked to colonic neoplasm.