It is also interesting to note that chronic inflammatory activation during atherosclerosis results in other changes than acute activation by LPS, for example, with respect to atypical chemokine receptor Cxcr7, or orphan GPCRs Gpr111, Gpr107, Gprc5a and Gprc5b. It is also noteworthy that ECao from atherosclerotic aortae showed reduced expression of endothelial genes such as Cdh5, Pecam1, Gpr116 or Gpr56, suggesting that EC, very much like SMC, undergo dedifferentiation in atherosclerotic aortae in vivo. The gene discussed is ACKR3; the disease is atherosclerosis.