Specifically, proposed mechanisms underlying peripheral immunosuppression impact on susceptibility of infections, which includes a set of molecular determinants [18] (high-mobility group box 1 [HMGB1] [19–21], ATP [22–24], S100 [25, 26]), activation of the HPA axis and SNS [27, 28], and disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) [29]. Here, HMGB1 is linked to infection.