PDK1 and central nervous system cancer: In glioma cells, overexpression of c-Myc, a WNT target gene, promotes the Warburg effect via activation of downstream genes, such as glucose transporter (Glut), hexokinase (HK), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1), and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDH-A) (Wang et al., 2015).