Although the etiology of IBD is not completely understood, it is well accepted that the imbalance between pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12, and anti-inflammatory cytokines, namely IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10, plays a central role in the modulation of inflammatory processes [25–27]. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and inflammatory bowel disease.