Importantly, several findings have also documented epigenetic modifications on BDNF gene in patients with BPD, suggesting that childhood maltreatment in BPD patients can cause long term epigenetic alterations of genes crucially involved in brain functions and neurodevelopment, including BDNF, and that these alterations may contribute to enhanced vulnerability to develop BPD pathology. This evidence concerns the gene BDNF and Borderline personality disorder.