Recently, TGF-β is recognized as an emerging player in drug resistance,18, 19 which correlated with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells (CSCs) phenotype modulations.20 Additionally, evidence also revealed that chemotherapy treatment itself induced EMT process or mesenchymal phenotypes.21, 22 However, whether TGF-β signaling is activated and involves in chemotherapy-induced drug resistance is largely unknown. Here, TGFB1 is linked to cancer.