Cheng and Chuang reported that lithium increases the suppression of p53 and expression Bcl-2 providing neuronal survival.51 In addition, it has been shown that administration of lithium as well as mood-stabilizing agent valproate, increases Bcl-2 levels in the cortical region.52 Based on these findings, we also wanted to examine whether LISPRO could prevent cortical neuronal loss in 5-month-old 3XTg-AD mice treated with LISPRO, lithium salicylate, Li2CO3, or control diet for 28 weeks. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and Alzheimer disease.