TNF and psoriasis: In a pre-clinical in vivo model of psoriasis, performed using human skin xeno-transplanted onto Severe Combined Immunodeficient (SCID) mice, followed by the administration of human natural killer cells, apremilast significantly reduced keratinocyte growth, skin thickness, and histopathologic features of the disease, along with a diminished expression of TNF-α, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and Human Leukocyte Antigen-D Related (HLA-DR) in the skin grafts [66].