TFAM and Parkinson disease: The levels of NRF-1 and TFAM in the SN and the striatum decreased in the MPTP-induced PD mice model, whereas the overexpression of NRF-1 or TFAM reversed MPP+-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, including the activity of mitochondrial complex I, the mitochondrial membrane potential, and the levels of ATP and ROS (Piao et al., 2012).