HES1 and neoplasm: The hypoxic response also aids tumor migration by up-regulating the genes that are involved in the degradation of the extracellular matrix, as well as increasing the metastatic ability of the tumor and cellular proliferation through genes such as dual specificity protein phosphatase 1 (Dusp1) and hairy and enhancer of split 1 (Hes1) (Wykoff et al. 2001; Harris 2002; Giatromanolaki et al. 2003; Rankin and Giaccia 2008; Zou et al. 2013; Balamurugan 2015; Gao et al. 2015; Shen et al. 2016).