In our study, ATRA upregulated the expression of the G-CSF receptor gene and the use of the BM-MSCs in combination with ATRA synergistically enhanced ATRA’s effect on the expression of this gene, which may demonstrate the critical role of the G-CSF receptor in the promotion of differentiation in promyelocytic leukemia cells. The gene discussed is CSF3R; the disease is acute promyelocytic leukemia.