CYCS and autoimmune polyendocrinopathy: The results showed that the levels of caspase 9 and cytochrome C were up-regulated in high glucose group (caspase 9 1.00 ± 0.16 vs 1.76 ± 0.18; cytochrome C 1.00 ± 0.17 vs 2.32 ± 0.45; P < 0.01, Fig. 5a, b) and APS could down-regulate them toward control levels (caspase 9 1.76 ± 0.18 vs 1.44 ± 0.23, P < 0.05; cytochrome C 2.32 ± 0.45 vs 1.66 ± 0.34; P < 0.01, Fig. 5a, b).