Surprisingly, these authors failed to detect any significant differences in the expression of many inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including IFN-γ, TNF, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-10 between IBC and non-IBC tissue samples, indicating that the associated inflammatory phenotype commonly visible is more likely due to blockage of the dermal lymphatics by disseminated tumor cells than by an infiltration of inflammatory cells [22]. Here, TNF is linked to neoplasm.