Contrary to observations in the plasma, a majority of the studied PBMC genes PlGF (Fig. 6f), VEGF (Fig. 6g), TGFβ1 (Fig. 6h), PLXNA1 (Fig. 6i) and VEGFR3 (Fig. 6j), indicated similar expression in both early onset and older breast cancer patients, with controls showing higher variability between the two age groups. Here, PGF is linked to breast carcinoma.