PGF and cancer: Accumulating evidence indicates the role of Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) in promoting cancer by binding to molecules involved in angiogenesis and the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) pathway in tumor tissue such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)9, and its receptors10, placental growth factor (PlGF)9, and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1)11.