We have demonstrated that decreasing active PRH in immortalized prostate epithelial cells promotes both cell proliferation and cell migration.27 Moreover, we have demonstrated that pPRH is elevated in prostate cancer cell lines, in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic adenoarcinoma compared with normal controls.27 Thus, loss of nuclear localization, decreased PRH expression and elevated phosphorylation of PRH are associated with tumourigenesis. This evidence concerns the gene HHEX and prostate carcinoma.