TWIST1 and cancer: An important property of CSC is that they can produce differentiated progeny, that is, bulk cancer cells without self-renewal properties, and this differentiation is reversible so the bulk cancer cells can dedifferentiate back towards CSC.4, 5 Members of the Zeb, Twist, Slug and Sox9 transcription factor families are known to promote morphological changes known as epithelial to mesenchymal transition, whereby epithelial cells acquire a mesenchymal phenotype and become elongated and migratory.