Molecular diagnostics of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), which is the most common inherited kidney disease, relies on mutation screening of PKD1 (16p13.3; OMIM ID: 601313) and PKD2 (4q21; OMIM ID: 173910) [34]. The gene discussed is PKD2; the disease is autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.