GSK3B and cancer: FRAT1 (Frequently Rearranged in Advanced T-cell lymphoma 1) is a known proto-oncogene in some cancer types that promotes the WNT signalling pathway by inhibiting GSK3β-mediated phosphorylation of β-catenin.39,40 In normal colon, the expression level of β-catenin is low, but its expression in cancer is high, causing dedifferentiation.